{"id":4308,"date":"2018-10-03T17:19:53","date_gmt":"2018-10-03T15:19:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/setramoperadorlogisticomultimodal.com\/?p=4308"},"modified":"2018-10-03T17:19:53","modified_gmt":"2018-10-03T15:19:53","slug":"the-ethical-implications-of-autonomous-driving-to-debate-and-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.setram.com\/en\/the-ethical-implications-of-autonomous-driving-to-debate-and-study\/","title":{"rendered":"The ethical implications of autonomous driving, to debate and study"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4310\" src=\"https:\/\/setramoperadorlogisticomultimodal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/captura-de-pantalla-2018-10-03-a-las-17-00-55.png\" alt=\"Captura de pantalla 2018-10-03 a las 17.00.55\" width=\"1806\" height=\"820\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><strong>Barcelona, October 3, 2018.-<\/strong> The German Government has published a report on the ethical scenario of autonomous driving. A little explored terrain that needs study and debate during the next months. The era of autonomous driving starts, but there are laws and rules to be created. Next, we publish a summary and we invite you to share your opinion in this Blog or in <a style=\"color:#000000;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/_setram\">@_setram<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Ethical considerations linked to the protection of human life and integrity, freedom of choice or the right to privacy, among others, have to be prominently addressed in the development and operation of CAD. Addressing legitimate societal concerns on the ethics of CAD must have a central role in the process of securing public and societal acceptance and trust.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force delivers the following recommendations on possible future actions, which are further explained in the subsequent section (IV.)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#000000;\">of this report. Depending on the ethical issue, these recommendations may require further extensive assessment and discussion. Joint collaboration in this context between industry, academia, civil society and regulators at both EU and Member State level could help Europe lead the international discussion when it comes to formulating an ethical framework for CAD.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The European Commission has made a proposal to set up a dedicated forum to deal with ethical implications.2 The Ethics Task Force welcomes that step and would be ready and willing to support the process of establishing the forum and its work, e.g. by sharing its experience and the knowledge acquired.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force suggests that \u2013 until this new group is set up and fully operational and the exact scope of its mandate is clear \u2013 it stands at the disposal of the High Level Structural Dialogue for any other tasks required.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4311\" src=\"https:\/\/setramoperadorlogisticomultimodal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/captura-de-pantalla-2018-10-03-a-las-16-53-26.png\" alt=\"Captura de pantalla 2018-10-03 a las 16.53.26\" width=\"1718\" height=\"1416\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force recommends:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Further actions to better understand public perceptions, concerns, and potential behaviours and responses, with regard to CAD and its ethical implications:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">At the national level:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Raising the profile of current social and behavioural research, to encourage user-centred design for the development of CAD and to understand its likely uptake;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Encouraging further projects which offer a mix of technical and social research with regard to CAD and its ethical implications;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Supporting knowledge sharing and coordination between CAD research projects.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">At the European level:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Raising the profile of current social and behavioural research, to encourage user-centred design for the development of CAD and to understand its likely uptake;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Encouraging further projects which offer a mix of technical and social research with regard to CAD and its ethical implications;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Continuing to support knowledge sharing and coordination between research projects, to accelerate learning and avoid duplication of effort between organisations and Member States;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Promoting European research globally, to encourage global knowledge-sharing; and<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Fostering a wider societal debate on the role of ethics in the development and uptake of CAD in Europe.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Establishing a plan for public information communications on CAD, to give sufficient explanations of CAD functionalities, their benefits and limitations, questions of equal access and fairness, as well as the proper use of CAD and associated user responsibilities. At the national level:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">That public information communications around CAD should be informed by research with the public and tailored and delivered at the national level, as different countries will have different values, perceptions and concerns.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Governments should identify their role in handling public acceptability issues with regard to CAD, including whether there is a need for government to intervene at all. If there is, they should identify how (who is the best messenger; what should the message be) and when is appropriate, according to the national context.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">At the European level:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Preparing an \u2018information pack\u2019: a guidance document of public information\/verified statistics for governments to use as they see fit. Any such information should be meaningful for governments (i.e. providing realistic comparisons) and the public. Given the rapid development of CAD technologies, the EU may be well placed to coordinate updates and disseminate the latest information;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force suggests that a proposal for such an \u0301information pack \u0301 is presented<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color:#000000;\">to the High Level Structural Dialogue by the European Commission.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Sharing best practice from successful public information campaigns at the national level (in Europe and around the globe), for all Member States to learn from.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Dilemma-based Situations<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force recommends<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Developing a harmonised European and international approach to handle dilemma-based situations with regard to CAD. This could include drafting guidelines and\/ or recommendations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Further international discussion and research at the European level on the issue of reducing personal injury in genuine dilemma-based situations, i.e situations in which a CAV will unavoidably cause harm to a human being, and must decide how to proceed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Both actions should be implemented by an appropriate group of experts at European level comprising international expertise. An account of this work should be given to the High Level Structural Dialogue.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Responsibility<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force recommends:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The European Commission should \u2013 in due consideration of the whole responsibility network and hardware and software implications \u2013 examine the need for action in the respective EU legal framework for liability, especially with regard to Council Directive 85\/374\/EEC of 25 July 1985 concerning liability for defective products (product liability) and give an account of this assessment to the High Level Structural Dialogue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Member States should \u2013 with regard to the changes in the responsibility network \u2013 examine their national responsibility network in road transport, including amongst others map service providers, road operators and telecommunication operators, and adapt legislation where needed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\" start=\"4\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Cybersecurity and Data Protection<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force recommends:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Member States and the European Commission should continue to support the work carried out at United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Working Party 29 on data protection and cybersecurity, especially the regulation on cybersecurity and over- the-air software updates currently being developed, and actively follow this process and incorporate the results into EU policy and regulation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Member States should proactively seek to promote \u2013 within their competencies \u2013 the importance of a high level of cybersecurity throughout the entire manufacturing supply chain.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Member States, the European Commission and Industry should highlight the importance of data protection issues \u2013 amongst others the necessity to ensure data sovereignty, i.e. road users should generally be able to decide themselves whether their vehicle data are to be forwarded and used \u2013 raised by the Ethics Task Force and should transfer these considerations into the ongoing initiatives addressing data protection in CAD.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\" start=\"5\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Socio-economic Implications<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The Ethics Task Force recommends:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align:justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">The European Commission should \u2013 in light of the results of the recent study on possible socio-economic effects of CAD in Europe3 and a new study to explore possible implications on employment (Horizon 2020 Transport Work Programme 2018-2020) \u2013 assess possible necessary actions on EU level to address current and future socio-economic impacts of CAD, e.g. on the labour market, and give an account of this assessment to the High Level Structural Dialogue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Member States should examine potential national actions to address current and future socio-economic impacts of CAD, e.g. on the labour market.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">In a shift of responsibility raising fundamental questions including ethical issues. Can machines be made responsible for the misbehaviour of a machine, if machines and not human beings steer vehicles, and (programmed) algorithms make decisions? Who would be responsible in case of an accident: the software engineer, the manufacturer, third- party providers, (telecommunications) operators and\/ or even the passenger?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\"><strong>Ethical Issues of Responsibility (Responsibility Network) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">On one hand, the question of responsibility is linked to<\/span><span>\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color:#000000;\">the notion of &#8216;autonomy&#8217;, which is understood in the Kantian sense of &#8216;moral autonomy&#8217; or the ability of humans to give themselves a set of moral instructions guiding \u00a0their behaviour.In effect, this means that humans should have the final say in taking decisions which may result in harm or damage to humans and, conversely, it is morally unacceptable to let machines decide over the life or death of [a] human being[s]. This is the basic premise of the principle of meaningful human control.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Etymologically, \u201cresponsibility\u201d relates to the ability or duty to give a \u201cresponse\u201d. In the context of CAD, responsibility could also mean \u201cthe duty of a person to account for decisions taken by and attendant actions performed by the automated vehicle system and\/ or the software on which it is based, to assume liability and, if necessary, be willing to accept any legal consequences\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">Thus, the term responsibility embraces the ability to be held accountable and implicitly assumes that a person has certain capacities that allow them to take responsibility, such as the ability to communicate and to act, autonomy and good judgment. For a questionable event with complex constellations of actors, we attribute responsibility to all those parties involved to the extent that they demonstrate or have taken on the necessary capacity for such an<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000;\">attribution of responsibility. In the responsibility network of road transport, all stakeholders have to be integrated when talking about the assignment of responsibility, such as the human driver, the vehicle owner\/ keeper, the manufacturer, the operator of technological systems, the infrastructure operator, the planner, the general public, the lawyer, the trainer and many more.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The German Government has published a report on the ethical scenario of autonomous driving. A little explored terrain that needs study and debate during the next months. The era of autonomous driving starts, but there are laws and rules to be created. Next, we publish a summary and we invite you to share your opinion in this Blog or in @_setram<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":4309,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[206,3590,3603],"tags":[1305,3581,3582,1912,3583,3584,3585,32,3196,2359,3586,3587,3588,3589,3591,3592,3593,3594,3595,2080,3596,3597,3598,3599,3600,3601,27,3602,3604],"class_list":["post-4308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad-automovil-industria-sector","category-ethical-and-autonomous-vehicle","category-the-ethical-implications-of-autonomous-driving-to-debate-and-study","tag-acea","tag-and-automated-driving","tag-austria","tag-automotive","tag-autonomous-driving","tag-autonomous-vehicle","tag-big-data","tag-blog-setram","tag-cars","tag-clepa","tag-connected","tag-data","tag-dilemma","tag-ethical","tag-ethical-aspects","tag-ethical-implications","tag-european-comission","tag-federal-ministry-of-transport-and-digital-infraestructure","tag-germany","tag-internet","tag-june-2018","tag-luxembourg","tag-public-information-communications","tag-recommends","tag-responsability-network","tag-responsbility","tag-setram","tag-task-force","tag-uk"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The ethical implications of autonomous driving, to debate and study - Log\u00edstica Automoci\u00f3n &amp; Campas Veh\u00edculos | SETRAM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.setram.com\/en\/the-ethical-implications-of-autonomous-driving-to-debate-and-study\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The ethical implications of autonomous driving, to debate and study - Log\u00edstica Automoci\u00f3n &amp; Campas Veh\u00edculos | SETRAM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The German Government has published a report on the ethical scenario of autonomous driving. 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